大陈岛森林公园旅游资源及其开发前景探讨

论述了浙江省大陈岛森林公园现有的旅游资源──即生物资源、自然景观及人文景观等，同时提出了开发利用的一些设想。     

Regional relationships between surface temperature,vegetation, and human settlement in a rapidly urbanizing ecosystem

Regional climate change induced by rapid urbanization is responsible for and may result from changes in coupled human-ecological systems. Specifically, the distribution of urban vegetation may be an important intermediary between patterns of human settlement and regional climate spatial variability. To test this hypothesis we identified the relationships between surface temperature, one component of regional climate, vegetation, and human settlement patterns in the Phoenix, AZ, USA region. Combining satellite-derived surface temperature and vegetation data from an early summer day with US Census and topographic data, we found substantial surface temperature differences within the city that correlate primarily with an index of vegetation cover. Furthermore, both of these patterns vary systematically with the social characteristics of neighborhoods through the region. Overall, every $10,000 increase in neighborhood annual median household income was associated with a 0.28°C decrease in surface temperature on an early summer day in Phoenix. Temperature variation within a neighborhood was negatively related to population density. A multivariate model generated using path analysis supports our hypothesis that social impacts on surface temperature occur primarily through modifications of vegetation cover. Higher income neighborhoods were associated with increased vegetation cover and higher density neighborhoods were associated with decreased vegetation variability. These results suggest that settlement patterns in the central Arizona region influence regional climate through multiple pathways that are heterogeneously distributed throughout the city.     

蛇岛外来物种入侵现状及生态影响调查

蛇岛是我国唯一一个以蛇岛蝮蛇（Agkistrodon shedaoensis）为主要保护对象的国家级自然保护区,具有重要的科研和生态保护价值,但外来物种入侵已经对该岛生态环境及生物多样性造成严重威胁。本文对蛇岛外来物种的入侵现状进行了野外实地调查,并对其入侵途径、危害特点进行了详细分析。同时,为有效保护蛇岛蝮蛇及蛇岛的生物多样性,提出了控制外来物种入侵的具体建议和对策。     

城市绿地在减弱热岛效应中的作用

在太原市选取典型绿地,研究绿地的垂直结构、面积、形状对减弱热岛效应的影响,得出绿地结构在减弱热岛效应的程度大小为,树林>复合绿地>草地。绿地面积,形状指数与减弱热岛效应能力呈正相关,二者与温度变化指数和湿度变化指数均为线性回归。试验对定量研究绿地生态效应具有重要意义,可以作为评价城市绿地的方法,同时对城市园林规划设计具有一定的指导意义。     

沙门氏菌的研究进展

作者就沙门氏菌的毒力岛、质粒、致病机制和流行病学方面的研究作了简明扼要的概述,对沙门氏菌的防治研究具有重要的参考价值。     

福建海岛亚热带灌丛的极点排序

应用极点排序法对福建海岛灌丛群落样地进行排序 ,排序结果与聚类的结果基本一致 ,表明了极点排序法可以揭示灌丛群落之间的相互联系以及群落分布与环境之间的关系 ,有助于灌丛群落的分类研究     

打顶对海岛棉产量和品质性状空间分布的影响

以新海21号为试验材料,研究不同打顶时期对海岛棉产量和纤维品质的影响,结果表明:随打顶时期推迟,棉铃空间分布上移,单株结铃数成单峰曲线,单铃重下降,衣分无显著变化.打顶影响最显著的3个纤维品质构成因子依次是马克隆值、伸长率、比强.随打顶时间推迟,马克隆值近似先降低后增大的单峰曲线,伸长率呈波形曲线,比强逐渐下降.早打顶(7月5、10日)品质贡献率,上部＞中部＞下部;7月15、20日打顶品质贡献率,中部＞下部＞上部;晚打顶(7月25、30日)品质贡献率,中部＞上部＞下部.     

海岛棉早熟性与产量性状遗传相关分析

试验对7个亲本采用完全双列杂交设计,配置42个杂交组合.结果表明,F1、F2在出苗、现蕾期和初絮期早熟性状均比中亲值提前,F2表现更早熟,产量及其组分均有一定中亲优势,尤其籽棉产量优势最高;单铃重、衣分、衣指与现蕾期和初絮期均有显著或极显著的正相关,分别为0.809 2、0.518 5和0.699 8,初絮期对霜前皮棉产量影响显著;初絮期、衣分、衣指和单铃重遗传力较高,可对这4个性状进行早代选择.变异系数只有霜前花率、单铃重较高,表明在这些性状中具有较高的选择潜力.在5;遗传进度中,对霜前花率和单株籽棉产量选择效果明显.     

中国海岛植物种植管控技术研究进展

海岛具有重要的战略地位，但由于环境的特殊性，其生境较为脆弱，一旦遭受破坏难以恢复。在目前海岛的园林绿化或整治修复过程中，大多沿用城市园林绿化的技术，但对海岛并不完全适用，针对海岛植物种植管控的研究尚未形成完整的体系。文中基于海岛植物种植的难点，针对海岛植物生长限制因素及种植管控的构建原则，结合多年的海岛调查及种植实践经验，整理和总结种植管控技术在前期调查、方案设计、种植施工及种植养护管理措施4个方面的研究进展，以期为我国海岛植被生态修复和生物多样性保护提供技术和理论参考。     

The influence of small green space type and structure at the street level on urban heat island mitigation

The purpose of this study was to determine the types and structures of small green spaces (SGs) that effectively reduce air temperature in urban blocks. Six highly developed blocks in Seoul, South Korea served as the research sites for this study. Air temperature was measured at the street level with mobile loggers on clear summer days from August to September in 2012. The measurements were repeated three times a day for three days. By analyzing the spatial characteristics, SGs within the six blocks were categorized into the four major types: polygonal, linear, single, and mixed. The result revealed that the polygonal and mixed types of SGs showed simple linear regression at a significant level (p < 0.01). It indicated that the blocks’ urban heat island (UHI) mitigation (ΔT_Rmn) increased in a linear fashion when the area and volume of these two types of green spaces increased. The area and volume of a polygonal SG with mixed vegetation, over 300 m² and 2300 m³, respectively, lowered the ΔT_Rmn by 1 °C; SG with an area and volume of larger than 650 m² and 5000 m³, respectively, lowered the ΔT_Rmn by 2 °C. The results of this study will be useful to urban planners and designers for determine the types and structures of urban green spaces to optimize the cooling effect, as well as how such green spaces should be designed and distributed.